francisco
map resources author diggins francisco journey home home map
dipper

A. Right! Dipper means a big spoon like a ladle. The constellation that we call the "Big Dipper" was referred to as the "Great Horn Spoon." Horn spoons were a commonly used utensil in this time period. Jack and Praiseworthy bought a spoon made of ox horn in chapter eight.

oxen

People made spoons out of horn because it was plentiful and easy to work with. The horn has gelatin in it (like your finger nails) so it becomes soft when heated in boiling water. The horn can then be flattened and separated into sheets. These sheets are heated, molded, and carved into spoons!

 

To learn more about these beautiful oxen, follow this link to another site.

miners

This miner is using a horn spoon. Horn spoons wear down quickly with use. Maybe this is why we don't see too many of them around today.

espanol
back

 

Home | The Journey | San Francisco | The Diggin's | About the Author | Resources | Site Map