C. The majority of the ships never left the bay. It was very difficult to gather a crew to sail back when there was gold in the hills. Some bartenders called "crimps" would kidnap a crew of sailors to ship out. One famous crimp was Shanghai Kelly.

This is how he shanghaied sailors:

Buildings on the wharf had trap doors in the floor. Men used small boats to bring cargo to the wharf from the big ships out in the bay. They could then hand the cargo up through the trap doors. Shanghai Kelly would add drugs to the sailors' drinks to knock them out. Then he would pull the lever to open the trap door, and the sailors would drop "down the hatch" to a boat below. The small boat then took them to a ship waiting to leave. By the time the poor sailors awoke, they were already far out to sea. Perhaps, they would go to Shanghai, China. They were shanghaied!

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